Free Agriculture Notes, Exams amd other revision resources
SECTION A (30 MARKS)
Answer ALL the questions in this section in the spaces provided
Statefour disadvantages of Natural mating (2 marks)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
iv) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
Give two reasons for supplementary feeding of bees. (1 marks)
i) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
ii)…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Name any two methods used to identify goats (1 mark)
i) ………………………………………………………………………………………………….
ii)…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
List three signs of lambing (1 ½ mark)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
What is cropping in fish production? (1 mark)
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Give two reasons why jersey bread is suitable than Friesian in marginal areas. (1 mark)
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State four Methods used to control cannibalisms in a flock of layers in a deep litter system
(2 marks)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
iv) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
State two reasons why we have a foot bath in cattle dip (1 mark)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Give three advantages of disc plough over mouldboard plough (1 ½ mark)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
State four functions of water in an animal body (2 marks)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
iv) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
State four reasons for controlling livestock diseases (2 marks)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
iv) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
State one importance of guard rails in furrowing pen. (1 mark)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Give two groups of vitamins used in livestock feeding (1 mark)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
State the functions of the following tools
(i) Shovel …………………………………………………………………………..…(½mark)
(ii)Rubber ring ……………………………………………………………………….. ( ½ mark)
Give three control measures for fowl pox disease in poultry (1½ mark)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
What is production ration? (1 mark)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Statetwo functions of a carburetor (1 mark)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Give the hormone responsible for milk letdown…………………………………………..( ½ mark)
List any two chemicals used to treat wood against weather elements. (1 mark)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
State any four characteristics of exotic breeds of cattle (2 marks)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
iv) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
Givethree uses of Biogas on a farm. (1 ½ mark)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
State five practices done to make wooden fence posts last longer. (2 ½ mark)
i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
iv) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
v)…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
SECTION B (20 marks)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
A dairy farmer is required to prepare 100kg of dairy meal containing 20% D.C.P (Digestible Crude Protein). Using the Pearson’s method, calculate the quantity of Soya Beans (40% D.C.P) and rice (16% D.C.P) the farmer requires for the dairy meal ( 5 marks)
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The following is an illustration of a handsaw. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
(a) Name the parts labelled
F …………………………………………………………. (1 mark)
G…………………………………………………………. ( 1 mark)
(b) Explain three maintenance practices that should be carried out on the part labeled H.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
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(3 marks)
Study the diagram below of an egg and use it to answer the questions that follow.
(a) Label the parts (2 marks)
B …………………………………………………….
C ………………………………………………….
D …………………………………………………
F…………………………………………………..
(b) List any two structural qualities of an egg to be incubated (2 marks)
(i)………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Give the functions of E (1 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
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The diagram below shows the parts of the digestive system of cattle. Study it and answer the questions that follow
(a) Name the parts labelled
P ………………………………………………………… (½ mark)
R …………………………………………………………………….. (½ mark)
Q ………………………………………………………. (½ mark)
(b) State one function for each of the following parts labeled S and T
S …………………………………………………………………………………….. …( 1mark)
T………………………………………………………………………………………….(1 mark)
(c) Give one enzyme produced by each of the parts labeled R and S
R ……………………………………………………………………………………….( 1 mark)
S ……………………………………………………………………………………….. (½ mark)
SECTION C (40 marks)
Answer any two questions from this section in the spaces provided after question 29
(a) State and explain five management practices that would enable maximum fish harvesting in
a fish pond. (10 marks)
(b) Give ten management practices carried out in a crush. (10 marks)
Describe the management practices on ewes from mating to weaning of lambs. 20 marks)
(a) Explain how power transmitted from tractor engine is made available for use on the farm.
(6 marks)
(b) Discuss factors that influence milk composition and quality in cows. (14 marks)
NAKURU SUB COUNTY SEC. SCHOOL JOINT TRIAL EXAMINATION 2019
443/2 AGRICULTURE PAPER 2
JULY/AUGUST 2019
MARKING SCHEME
SECTION A – MARKING SCHEME
Disadvantages of Natural mating
Wastage of semen
Possible to transmit breeding diseases
Involves a lot of labour
Large males can injure small females
Costs of production are high because male need maintenance (4 x ½ – 2 marks)
Reasons for supplementary feed on bees.
Maintain the colony
Encourage multiplication
To supplement what bees obtain from flowers ( 2 x ½ – 1 mark)
Methods used in identifying goats
Ear tagging
Ear notching
Tattooing ( 2 x ½ – 1 mark)
Signs of lambing
Restless
Distended full udder
Appearance of water bag
Sunken front part of the hip ( 3 x ½ – 1½ mark)
Cropping in fish is the removal or harvesting of marketable size of fish from the pond
(1 x 1 = 1 mark)
Reasons for jersey suitable marginal area. ( 2 x ½ – 1 mark)
Eat little food
More resistant to high temperature
Small in size
Methods used to control cannibalisms
Debeaking the birds
Give balanced diet
Provide enough space
Keep birds according to age
Don’t introduce new birds into the flock
Isolate and treat cannibalized birds
Hang green vegetables to keep them busy ( 4 x ½ -2 marks)
Reasons for foot bath in cattle dip
Clean the feet of animals (2x ½ = 1 mark)
Control foot rot
Advantages of disc plough over mouldboard plough
Disc rolls over obstacles
Requires less drawing power
Requires less maintenance costs
Works better on dry, hard and stick soils ( 3 x ½ = 1 ½ Marks)
Functions of water in animal body
Component of cells and fluids
For Bio-chemical reaction
Helps excrete waste products
Its part of animal products. ( 4 x ½ =2 marks)
Reasons for controlling livestock diseases
Reduce spread of livestock disease
Improve quality and safety of products
Promote faster growth and early maturity
Make them have long productive life
Improve the quantity of products ( 4 x ½ =2 marks)
Importance of guard rails in furrowing
Prevent sow from crushing piglets
Prevent sow from eating creep feed (1 x 1 = 1 mark)
Groups of vitamins
Fat/oil soluble vitamins
Water soluble vitamins (1 x 1 = 1 mark)
Functions of
Shovel – mixing mortar/manure
lifting soil/manure
Rubber ring – castrating young male animals (1 x ½ = ½ mark)
Control for fowl pox
Regular vaccination
Observe hygiene in poultry house
Slaughter and properly dispose carcass of affected birds
Production ration is the feed given to an animal over and above the maintenance level in order to produce a given product, (1 x 1 = 1 mark)
Functions of a carburetor
To regulate the air
Vaporizes the air
Atomises fuel into tiny droplets
Hormone responsible for milk letdown
Oxytocin
(1 x ½ = ½ mark)
Chemical used to treat wood
Tar
Tanex
Creosole (2 x ½ = 1 mark)
Characteristics of exotic breeds of cattle
Mature faster
short calving interval
Highly producing
Relatively large in size
Have short wide heads
Long lactation period
Thick bright skin ( 4 x ½ = 2 marks)
Uses of Biogas
For cooking
For lighting’
Internal combustion engines/power stationary (3 x ½ = 1 ½ Marks)
Practices done to make wooden fence posts last longer
Reinforcing with concrete
Cutting the top of posts at a slope
Slightly burning of the posts
Applying wood preservative.
Proper drying/seasoning
Covering the top of posts at a slope (5 x ½ = 2 ½ marks)
SECTION B
Soya bean40% DCP ½ mark
Total = 20 +04 = 24 parts ( ½ mark)
Rice = 20/24 x 100 = 83.3 kg (1 mark)
Soya beans = 4/24 x 100 = 16.7 kg (1 mark)
(a) Parts of a saw
F – Toe ( 1 x 1 = 1 mark)
G- Blade (1 x1 = 1 mark)
(b) Maintenance practices of part H
Sharpening the teeth regularly
Setting the teeth to maintain the angle
Apply oil before storage to prevent rusting
Regular cleaning after use (3 x 1 = 3 marks)
(a) Parts of an egg.
B – inner shell membrane (1 x ½ – ½ mark)
C – outer shell membrane (1 x ½ – ½ mark)
D – albumen (egg white ) (1 x ½ – ½ mark)
F – Chalaza (1 x ½ – ½ mark)
(b) Qualities of an egg to be incubated
Oval in shape
Cleanliness/absence of blood stains
Absence of cracks on the shell
Texture/smoothness of the shell ( 2 x 1 = 2 marks)
(c) Functions of E
To provide nutrients for the developing embryo/chick (1 x 1 = 1 mark)
Parts of the digestive system
P – Omasum (1 x ½ – ½ mark)
R – Rumen (1 x ½ – ½ mark)
Q – Gall bladder (1 x ½ – ½ mark)
(b) Functions of S and T
S – Digestion/ absorption of food (1 x ½ – ½ mark)
T- Absorption of water ( 1 x 1 = 1 mark)
(c) Enzyme produced by R and S
R – trypsin/amylase/lipase (1 x 1 = 1 mark)
S – Peptidase/maltase/sucrose/lactase (1 x ½ = ½ mark)
SECTION C
(a) Management practices for maximum fish harvesting
Feeding
Cropping
Control of predators
Repair of fish ponds and fences
Changing of water
Maintaining water level
Fertilization of the fish pond
(State and explaining (5 x 2 = 10 marks)
(b) Management practices carried out in a crush.
Milking
Pregnancy diagnosis
Vaccination
Taking body temperature
Dehorning
Hoof trimming
Applying the identification method e.g. branding, ear tagging etc.
Management practices on ewes from mating to weaning of lambs
Clipping of wool
Hoof trimming 2 to 3 weeks after tapping.
Flushing 2-3 weeks before tapping
Proper timing on mating so as` lambing coincides with season of plenty pasture.
Feed ewe on good pastures
Give concentrates 3-4 weeks before lambing
Move ewe to clean pastures 3 weeks before lambing
Deworm ewes 2-3 weeks lambing
Vaccinate 2-3 weeks before lambing
Provide clean water
Provide clean shelter for lambing
Observe signs of lambing and assist where necessary
Disinfect the naval cord immediately
Ensure lambs suckle
Rejected or orphaned lambs should be given to foster mothers.
Keep lambs and ewes on good pastures
Dock the lambs within the first 2 weeks
Castrate male lambs that are not needed for breeding at 2 weeks old
Introduce creep feeding to lambs at 6th week
Spray/dust to control ectoparasites
Identify lambs using appropriate methods.
Keep proper records
Deworm lambs
Keep lambs on clean pastures (20 x 1 = 20 marks)
(a) Ways power is transmitted and made available from tractor engine in farm use (2 marks)
(i) Propeller shaft
Connects gear box to the differential which has wheel axles.
Wheel axles rotate to move the tractor and push or pull trailer implements
(ii) Power take off (P.T.A.) shaft
Rotates at the same speed as the crankshaft
Its connected to machines e.g. mowers, sprayers, Sheller’s etc to perform farm operations (2 marks)
iii) Hydraulic system
Its attached to the three – point linkage
The three point linkage mounted to implements during the operations raises or lowers them during the operation like offloading of hydraulic mechanism of a trailer
(2 x 1 marks)
(b) factors influencing milk composition
(i) Stage of lactation
In the first 4-6 days, colostrums is produced and later changes to whole milk. During lactation period, the quantity of milk increases for the 1st 30 days after parturition and then slowly declines the fat content in milk is inversely related to the amount of milk produced.
ii) Age
After attaining maturity (6-8 years) there is a slight decrease to % of fat content and also other major milk constituents like albumin, sodium chloride and non-protein gradually increases in milk as the cow ages.
(iii) Breed
Milk composition varies with different breeds.
(iv)Nutrition
The mineral and vitamin content of milk are easily influenced by the diet, fed to lactating cows, milk can be tainted by feeding silage and some weed plants g Mexican marigold.
(v)Animal health
If a cow is infected with diseases, the milk yield declines and also the quality of milk deteriorates.
(vi) Amount of food consumed by the cow
If animals consumes more food, the more amount of nutrients and more ingredients for milk production are available thus more milk produced.
(vii) Amount of water drunk
If a lot of water is drunk instead of dry matter, less amount of milk is produced.
(viii) Length of milking interval
The quantity of milk produced is higher when cows are milked after a long milking intervals.
Stressing weather conditions cause animals to produce less milk
(x) Handling the animal during milking
Rough handling leads to low milk production due to antagonistic effects of adrenaline to oxytocin ( 7 x 2 = 14 marks)
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