Explain five factors that promote national unity in Kenya. 10marks ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
History is the study of man’s past chronological events /is the study of man’s past events.
List two forms of government. 2marks
Monarchical
Dictatorial
Aristocratic
Democratic
Identify two dating methods used by archaeologists. 2marks
Radio carbon 14 dating /potassium argon dating/chemical dating
Fission track dating
Geological dating
Statistical dating
Stratigraphy
Identify any two categories of sources of information in history. 2marks
Written sources
Unwritten sources
Electronic sources
Give two species of Australopithecus. 2marks
Australopithecus boisei
Australopithecus Afarensis
Australopithecus Africanus
Australopithecus anamensis
Identify the hominid associated with the middle stone age. 1mark
Homo erectus
Name one shelter place of early man. 1mark
Rock caves
Tree tops
Identify two sites where rock paintings have been found in Africa. 2marks
Singida in Tanzania
Apollo II cave in South Africa
Name two animals which were domesticated by the people of Mesopotamia. 2marks
Donkeys,
Goats
Sheep
Pigs
Geese
Horses
Name one crop that was grown in the Nile valley by 700 BC. 1mark
Wheat
Flax
Millet
Sorghum
cotton
Name one earliest inhabitants of Kenya. 1mark
Dahallo/sanye/southern cushites
Gumba /athi
Khoisan
Ogiek/dorobo
Onguye
Okuro
Identify two methods of trade. 2marks
Barter trade
Currency trade
Name one trade item from Europe during the Trans-Atlantic trade. 1 mark
Glassware
Clothes
Firearms/guns
Identify one early form of communication. 1mark
Messengers
Drum beats
Fire and smoke signals
Scrolls/stone tablets/parchments
Screams/cries/
Horn blowing
Name one form of modern telecommunication. 1mark
Cell phones
Electronic mails
Fax
Telex
Telegram
Radios
Television
internet
Identify one early metals used in Africa. 1mark
Bronze
Iron
Name one ancient urban centre in Europe. 1mark
London
Athens
(a) State five economic activities of the Maasai during the precolonial period. 5marks
Trading
Hunting and gathering
Raiding
Crop growing-kwavimaasai
Nomadic pastoralism
(b)Explain five effects of the migration and settlement of the Bantu communities in Kenya 10mark
Intermarriage
Increased trade
Displacement of other communities
Cultural interactions
Spread of iron working knowledge
Increased population in regions they settled
Intercommunity conflicts/increased conflicts
Population redistribution
(a)State five problems facing Johannesburg. 5marks
Rise of slum houses
High rate of crime due to unemployment
Inadequate social amenities eg water, schools
Congestion in town due to rural urban migration
Heavy industrial pollution
Traffic jams
High rate of HIV /AIDS infection
(b)Explain five effects of Agrarian and Industrial development on urbanization. 10marks
Production of surplus agricultural produce promoted industrial growth leading to expansion of urban population
Pollution from industries eg air, water and noise
Increased unemployment due to high number of people in towns leading to rise in crime
Promoted trade from surplus production
Rural urban migration led to overcrowding and congestion in urban centres
Raw materials for industries led too growth of towns as industries attracted settlement.
(a)State three effects of the wheel in Mesopotamia. 3marks
Enabled the Sumerians to build war chariots
Enhanced transportation of people and goods
Facilitated the construction of roads
It was used to make high quality pots
(b) Explain six positive effects of modern means of communication. 12 marks
Enhanced has Education research
Source of entertainment
Enhanced space exploration
Provides signal in air and water transport
Creation of employment egpilots
Sources of government revenue through taxes
It has enhance security through installation of cctv cameras
It has promoted E-government
(a) State three factors that facilitated the spread of iron-working in Africa. 3marks
Bantu migration from congo and settled all over Africa
Through Trade
Through Warfare
Through Intermarriages
(b)Explain six factors that led to industrial revolution in Japan. 12 marks
Availability of energy eg coal and oil
Availability of natural resources eg fisheries and forestry
Political stability
Government reforms that supported industrialization
Education research that support industrialization
Large domestic and external market
Enterprising personalities
Free market policy
Foreign investment
Good transport and communication
Change of foreign policy
Describe the socialorganization of the Abagusii during the precolonial period. 10marks
The homestead was the smallest social unit
Related families formed a clan
Each clan owned a symbol of an animal
They believed in a supreme god engoro who was the creator
God was worshipped in shrines through ancestral sprits
They offered sacrifices to god during ceremonies such as initiation and harvest
They had diviners -omuraguri who interpreted the wishes of the spirits
Boys and girls were initiated into adulthood through circumcision
Initiated boys were grouped into age-sets.
State five advantages of a written constitution. 5marks
Promotes national unity in the country since it is accepted by majority of citizens
Safeguards the interests and rights of minorities
It is clear and definite in addressing various issues
It is rigid hence cannot be changed easily
It is readily available for reference
It outlines the powers, terms, relations and duties of different organs of government
Explain five factors that promote national unity in Kenya. 10marks
The constitution
Same education curriculum
Fair distribution of resources
Social and economic interactions
National currency
National languages
National philosophies
National symbols
Government institutions eg the judiciary, legislature and executive
National days and events
State five values of good citizenship. 5marks
Nationalism – devotes to serve the nation
Patriotism -loves, serves and seeks to promote the wellbeing of one’s country
Morality -uphold good moral values
Integrity -does what the law expects at all times
Thrift -wise and prudent use of resources
Ethics-adheres to work ethics egaccountability, hard work and personal initiative
By Editorial Team
The Education News Hub Editorial Team is made up of vibrant and experienced editors. Brian Yano is an accomplished longtime Digital Media Journalist at Educationnewshub.co.ke with a great passion for research and fact-checking. He delivers engaging content across diverse topics, with a special interest in Education matters. On her part, Yvonne Kemunto is a journalist, dedicated to unraveling stories that matter. With a keen eye for detail and a passion for storytelling, she brings a fresh perspective to the world of media. Her commitment to detail and excellence shines through in every piece she crafts. Our newest member of the Editorial Team is Jennifer Mumbo. She is a Seasoned Multimedia Journalist with several years' experience; dating back to 2018. Jennifer has a passion for education, sports, tech, politics and entertainment. You can reach the editors at educationnewshub3@gmail.com.
