………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………

c) Name two types of cells in the leaves where photosynthesis occurs (2mks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Name one example of the specialized cells in plants and one example in animals.

(i)Plants (1mk)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Animals (1mk)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Identify the following apparatus and state its functions.

i) Name……………………………………………………(1mk)
ii) Function (1mk)

……………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………

A student measured the length of a mitochondrion on a photomicrograph whose magnification was X 40000 and found it to be 1mm. Calculate the actual size of the mitochondrion in micrometres. (3mks)

State the type of solution that makes the plant cell. (2mks)
i) Flaccid……………………………………………….………………………………………………
ii) Turgid………………………………………………………………………………………………
Name the carbohydrate stored in:
i) Cell wall…………………………………………………………………………………….(1mk)
ii) Mammalian liver.…………………………………………………………………………. (1mk)

Name the monosaccharides that make up the disaccharides below
a) Sucrose………………………………………………………………………………………(1mk)
b) Lactose……………………………………………………………………………………… (1mk)
c) Maltose………………………………………………………………………………………(1mk)
(a) Name three characteristics of living organisms (3mks)

(b) Apart from Plantae and Animalia, name three other kingdoms. (3mks)

Draw a well labeled diagram show the external parts of a simple leaf (6mks)

Give two characteristics that distinguish scientific names from common names. (2mks)

(a) What is cell specialization (2mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Name three types of tissues found in animals (3mks)

The diagram below represents the digestive system in man. Study the diagram and answer the

questions that follow

(a) Label the part K ,L, and salivary glands M and P (4rnks)

K …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

L………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

M…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

P………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Name three hormones which are secreted along the alimentary canal (3mks)

List down four differences between a light microscope and an electron microscope (4mks)

Light Microscope	Electron Microscope

List down four factors that determines energy requirements in human being: (4mks)

Define the following branches of Biology.

(2mks)

i) Genetics

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………

ii) Entomology

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

State the functions of each of the following organelles.
Nucleolus (1mk)

…………………………………………………………..………………………………………………

Golgi apparatus (2mks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

The diagram below represents a longitudinal section of a human tooth.

Identify the type of tooth. (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Give one reason for your answer in (a) above. (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………….…………………………………………………………..………………………………………

(d) State the function of the part labeled Q (1mk)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..………………………………………

e) Name the parts labeled P, Q, R, and S (3mks)

P…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Q………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

R………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

S…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

An experiment was set-up in a laboratory as shown below.

What will happen to visking tubing in M and N after two hours. (2mks)

M…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

N…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Explain the observations made in M. (2mks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

What does visking tubing represent in a living organism? (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………

The diagram below represents the lower jaw of a mammal.

Name the mode of nutrition of the animal whose jaw is shown above. (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Mode of feeding. (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Give a reason for your answer in (b) above. (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Diet of the animal. (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Name the toothless gap labeled K. (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Name the substance that is responsible for hardening of teeth. (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

________________________________________________________________________________________________

MARKING SCHEME BIO FORM ONE

1.i) Light stage : Photolysis (1mk)
Dark stage: Carbon (IV) Oxide fixation (1mk)

ii) – Hydrogen ions

– Adenosine triphosphate /energy rej; ATP

– Oxygen

c) guard cells, palisade cells,spongy mesophyll cells

In plants- Guard cells; root hair cells; palisade cells

In animals- sperm cell; white blood cells; Red blood cells; nerve cells.

(i) pair of forceps’;

(ii) picking up small stinging crawling animals;

Mag. = image size ; 1mm = 1000 m

Actual size

= 1mm x 100

Actual size

Actual size = 1000 m ; = = 0.025

40,000

(i) Hypertonic solution; acc. Highly concentrated solution (1mk)

(ii) Hypotonic solution; acc. More dilute solution;

– (i) Cellulose; (ii) Glycogen;

Glucose and fructose;

Glucose and galactose;

Glucose and glucose;

8 (a) Nutrition; Growth and development;

Respiration; Reproduction;

Gaseous exchange; Irritability;

Excretion; Movement;

Apex

Margin

vein

Petiole/leaf stalk

Leaf blade/ lamina

Midrib

Monera;Protoctista/protista;Fungi;

Mark any four correct parts(4mks)

Drawing 2mks

( Two names used) -first name – generic, second name species;

-Two names italicized /underlined separately /

-First names capital, second; name small letter;

(a) Structuraldifferentiation / modification of cells to perform specific function;

(b) Epithelial tissue;

Skeletal;

Blood;

Connective tissue; Mark the 1^st 3

c) – Objective lenses

– Eye piece lens

-Condenser lens

12.a) K – Liver

L -Oesophagus/gullet

M -Sublingual salivary glands

P -parotid salivary gland

b) – gastrin

– Secretin

– Cholecystokinin

Light Microscope	Electron Microscope
Low magnification power	High magnification power
Low resolving/resolution power	High resolving/resolution power
Uses light rays to illuminate specimens	Uses a beam of electrons to illuminate specimens
Can be used to view both live and dead specimen	Used to view only dead specimen

14.- Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR) – sex

– Age – occupation/everyday activity

– SurfaceArea to volume ratio/ body size- lactation & pregnancy

Define the following branches of Biology. (2 marks)
i) Genetics-Study of inheritance and variation
ii) Entomology-Study of insects

a) Production of ribosomes.
Packaging and transport of glycoprotein’s

Secretion of synthesized proteins and carbohydrates.

Production of lysosomes.

(a) Molar; accept pre-molar.

(b) Presence of two roots; presence of cusps; accept any one.

(d) Detect stimuli;(pain,heat,cold)

(e). P enamel

Onerve fibre

R blood capillaries

S pulp cavity

18.An experiment was set-up in a laboratory as shown below.

What will happen to visking tubing in M and N after two hours. (2mks)

M – will swell / increase in size

N – Will shrink / decrease in size

Explain the observations made in M. (2mks)

Sodium chloride solution is a hypertonic solution while distilled water is a hypotonic solution therefore distilled water molecules will move from the beaker to the visking tubing by osmosis making it to swell.

What does visking tubing represent in a living organism?Semi permeable membrane

19.a) Name the mode of nutrition of the animal whose jaw is shown above. (1mk)

Heterotrophism

b.Mode of feeding. (1mk)

Herbivorous /herbivory

c.Give a reason for your answer in (b) above. (1mk)

Presence of a diastema

Diet of the animal. (1mk)

Vegetation/ grass/green leaves.

Name the toothless gap labeled K. (1mk)

Diastema

Name the substance that is responsible for hardening of teeth. (1mk)

Calcium phosphate&carbonates

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The Education News Hub Editorial Team is made up of vibrant and experienced editors. Brian Yano is an accomplished longtime Digital Media Journalist at Educationnewshub.co.ke with a great passion for research and fact-checking. He delivers engaging content across diverse topics, with a special interest in Education matters. On her part, Yvonne Kemunto is a journalist, dedicated to unraveling stories that matter. With a keen eye for detail and a passion for storytelling, she brings a fresh perspective to the world of media. Her commitment to detail and excellence shines through in every piece she crafts. Our newest member of the Editorial Team is Jennifer Mumbo. She is a Seasoned Multimedia Journalist with several years' experience; dating back to 2018. Jennifer has a passion for education, sports, tech, politics and entertainment. You can reach the editors at educationnewshub3@gmail.com.